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International Space Station

Cows on a green globe

How spherical-cow philosophy makes hard physics problems easy

There's an old physics joke involving a spherical cow. Though it isn't side-splittingly funny, it does explain why physics works so well, writes Sean Carroll

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A view of a Meteor Shower and the Milky Way with a pine trees forest silhouette in the foreground. Night sky nature summer landscape. Perseid Meteor Shower observation.; Shutterstock ID 691039453; purchase_order: -; job: -; client: -; other: -

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Watch out for three meteor showers set to occur in October

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By combining data from NASA?s James Webb Space Telescope and NASA?s Hubble Space Telescope, researchers were able to trace light that was emitted by the large white elliptical galaxy at left through the spiral galaxy at right and identify the effects of interstellar dust in the spiral galaxy. This image of galaxy pair VV 191 includes near-infrared light from Webb, and ultraviolet and visible light from Hubble. Webb?s near-infrared data also show us the galaxy?s longer, extremely dusty spiral arms in far more detail, giving them an appearance of overlapping with the central bulge of the bright white elliptical galaxy on the left. Although the two foreground galaxies are relatively close astronomically speaking, they are not actively interacting. Don?t overlook the background scenery! Like many Webb images, this image of VV 191 shows many galaxies that lie great distances away. For example, two patchy spirals to the upper left of the elliptical galaxy have similar apparent sizes, but show up in very different colors. One is likely very dusty and the other very far away, but researchers need to obtain data known as spectra to determine which is which.

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JWST and Hubble teamed up to take a stunning image of two galaxies

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Magnetic fields in NGC 1068, or M77, are shown as streamlines over a visible light and X-ray composite image of the galaxy from the Hubble Space Telescope, the Nuclear Spectroscopic Array, and the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. The magnetic fields align along the entire length of the massive spiral arms ? 24,000 light years across (0.8 kiloparsecs) ? implying that the gravitational forces that created the galaxy?s shape are also compressing its magnetic field. This supports the leading theory of how the spiral arms are forced into their iconic shape known as ?density wave theory.? SOFIA studied the galaxy using far-infrared light (89 microns) to reveal facets of its magnetic fields that previous observations using visible and radio telescopes could not detect. Credits: NASA/SOFIA; NASA/JPL-Caltech/Roma Tre Univ. https://www.nasa.gov/feature/how-to-shape-a-spiral-galaxy

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Did magnetism shape the universe? An epic experiment suggests it did

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The Hubble Space Telescope

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SpaceX may help the Hubble Space Telescope boost its lifespan

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For the first time, NASA?s James Webb Space Telescope and Hubble Space Telescope have taken simultaneous observations of the same target. These images, Hubble on left and Webb on the right, show observations of the Didymos-Dimorphos system several hours after NASA?s Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) intentionally impacted the moonlet asteroid. It was the world?s first test of the kinetic impact technique using a spacecraft to deflect an asteroid by modifying its orbit. Both Webb and Hubble observed the asteroid before and after the collision took place. ¿ìè¶ÌÊÓƵs will use the combined observations from Hubble and Webb to gain knowledge about the nature of the surface of Dimorphos, how much material was ejected by the collision, how fast it was ejected, and the distribution of particle sizes in the expanding dust cloud. In the coming months, scientists will also use Webb?s Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI) and Near-Infrared Spectrograph (NIRSpec) to observe ejecta from Dimorphos further. Spectroscopic data will provide researchers with insight into the asteroid?s composition. Hubble will monitor Dimorphos ten more times over the next three weeks to monitor how the ejecta cloud expands and fades over time. Hubble observations were conducted in one filter, WFC3/UVIS F350LP (assigned the color blue), while Webb observed at F070W (0.7 microns, assigned the color red).

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Hubble and JWST both saw the aftermath of NASA's DART asteroid mission

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This image of the spiral galaxy IC 5332, taken by the NASA/ESA/CSA James Webb Space Telescope with its MIRI instrument, has been scaled and cropped to match the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope???s view of the same galaxy.

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JWST has taken a picture of the gaseous ‘skeleton’ of a spiral galaxy

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How NASA's DART spacecraft will divert asteroids

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How NASA's DART spacecraft will divert asteroids

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Webb?s Near-Infrared Camera (NIRCam) image of Neptune, taken on July 12, 2022, brings the planet?s rings into full focus for the first time in more than three decades. The most prominent features of Neptune?s atmosphere in this image are a series of bright patches in the planet?s southern hemisphere that represent high-altitude methane-ice clouds. More subtly, a thin line of brightness circling the planet?s equator could be a visual signature of global atmospheric circulation that powers Neptune?s winds and storms. Additionally, for the first time, Webb has teased out a continuous band of high-latitude clouds surrounding a previously-known vortex at Neptune?s southern pole.

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JWST has captured an astonishing view of Neptune and its rings

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Webb?s first images of Mars, captured by its NIRCam instrument Sept. 5, 2022 [Guaranteed Time Observation Program 1415]. Left: Reference map of the observed hemisphere of Mars from NASA and the Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter (MOLA). Top right: NIRCam image showing 2.1-micron (F212 filter) reflected sunlight, revealing surface features such as craters and dust layers. Bottom right: Simultaneous NIRCam image showing ~4.3-micron (F430M filter) emitted light that reveals temperature differences with latitude and time of day, as well as darkening of the Hellas Basin caused by atmospheric effects. The bright yellow area is just at the saturation limit of the detector

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James Webb Space Telescope captures its first pictures of Mars

Infrared images of Mars taken by the James Webb Space Telescope could help us better understand its atmosphere

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Astronomy Photographer of the Year photos are out of this world

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Why we should go back to the moon – and this time to build a home

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Lori Garver on why NASA is returning to the moon for the wrong reasons

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Strange hexagonal diamonds found in meteorite from another planet

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