
If you have ever lit up a joint and craved a snack soon afterwards, you were probably experiencing the “munchies”. Stimulating appetite is one of marijuana’s best-known and most puzzling side effects. But why does weed make you want to chow down?
The psychoactive compound in cannabis, delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, or THC, is what gets users high. However, THC also spikes our appetite by tapping into the body’s endocannabinoid system, a complex cell signalling network that controls everything from emotion and sleep to and hunger.
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“THC binds to and activates a receptor in the brain and [gut] called CB1R,” says at the University of Michigan. When activated, this receptor , even when people are full. “The end result is stimulation of food intake,” Cone says.
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But this inclination to eat isn’t the same as true hunger, says at Purdue University in Indiana. “When people are high on marijuana they will say, ‘I know I’m not hungry, but I still want to eat,'” says Mattes. “It’s eating in the absence of hunger.”
There may be additional reasons why people reach for food after using marijuana, even when they are not hungry. One is that the drug can enhance our perception of the way food tastes and smells. In a study involving mice, , leading them to eat more of it. Another study found that giving cannabis to mice boosted their . However, this wasn’t true of sour, salty and bitter tastes.
Despite the link between appetite and marijuana, there is no strong evidence that people who smoke weed regularly have higher body weights than those who abstain. And the munchies can have benefits for those experiencing nausea as a result of treatment for cancer or HIV – cannabis-induced cravings .
But for cannabis users who want to avoid food cravings, experts recommend reaching for a strain with less THC or reducing the amount they consume.