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BAD news for students: as parents and teachers have always said, listening to
music while studying does distract you.

Sarah Ransdell, a psychologist at Florida Atlantic University, in Fort
Lauderdale, looked at how fast 45 students wrote essays with and without music
playing in the background. She found that playing music slowed the students down
by an average of 60 words per hour. That may not sound like much, says Ransdell,
but it shows the students did not cope well with the task of listening and
writing simultaneously.

But students with some musical training weren鈥檛 as badly distracted.

鈥淢usically trained students may have developed more automaticity in their
dual-tasking behaviours involving music,鈥� Ransdell says.

Contrary to the myth that instrumental music is less distracting than
singing, Ransdell found that different types of music all had the same effect.
鈥淥ne鈥檚 writing fluency is likely to be disrupted by both vocal and instrumental
尘耻蝉颈肠.鈥�

One factor that was not taken into account was musical preference. The music
included the Nelson Riddle Orchestra, which some students may have found a
distraction at the best of times. 鈥淭he question of the type of music is very
difficult to answer,鈥� Ransdell says. 鈥淐ognitive psychologists presume that
mental processing is relatively impervious to preference, attitude, and the
like, but of course it is not.鈥�

Her advice to students is simple. 鈥淐oncentrate when you study. If music
helps, keep it on. If it is distracting, turn it off or down.鈥�